Monerans

Monerans are also called prokaryotes. They are the simplest, singular cell life forms that exist. They are most often called bacteria and they do not have a nucleus.

The Kingdom Monera consists entirely of the bacteria. All organism in the Kingdom Monera are prokaryotes. They lack nuclei and organelles and most of their cell wall are made of peptidoglycan which is used for protection. They also have pili which is used for attachment. Most utilize flagella for movement. They reproduce by splitting in two. They absorb nutrients from outside their bodies. Some monerans cause diseases but others are helpful to people.

Types of bacteria according to shape:

Cocci
- spherical



Bacilli
- rod-shaped



Spirilium
- spiral



Types of bacteria according to location of flagella:

Polytrichous



Peritrichous



Lophotrichous



Definition of terms:

• transduction - movement of DNA from bacteria to a virus
• transformation - movement of DNA from bacteria to a dead bacteria
• eubacteria - bacteria that lives in an environment with a favorable condition
• archaebacteria - bacteria that lives in an environment with harsh or extreme conditions

ARCHAEBACTERIA:

1. thermophyles - live in extreme heat and extremely acidic environment
2. halophyles - live in extreme salty environment
3. methanogens - produces methane [CH4]
4. chemosynthesizers - sulfur reducers

Labels: bacteria, monerans